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AgentDB v3 - Intelligent agentic vector database with RVF native format, RuVector-powered graph DB, Cypher queries, ACID persistence. 150x faster than SQLite with self-learning GNN, 6 cognitive memory patterns, semantic routing, COW branching, and comprehensive MCP integration. Runs anywhere: Node.js, browsers, edge, offline.

Package Exports

  • @sparkleideas/agentdb
  • @sparkleideas/agentdb/package.json

Readme

AgentDB v3

Intelligent agentic vector database — learns from experience, optimizes itself, runs anywhere

npm version npm downloads License TypeScript MCP Compatible


What is AgentDB?

AgentDB is a vector database that gets smarter every time you use it.

Most vector databases store and retrieve embeddings. AgentDB does that too — 150x faster — but it also watches which results your AI agent actually used, learns from that feedback, and returns better results next time. Search quality improves by up to 36% automatically, with zero manual tuning.

Everything lives in a single Cognitive Container (.rvf file) — vectors, indexes, learning state, and a cryptographic audit trail. No external services. No API keys. No monthly bills.

3 lines to self-learning search:

const backend = await SelfLearningRvfBackend.create({
  learning: true,
  storagePath: "./my.rvf",
});
const results = await backend.searchAsync(query, 10); // search
backend.recordFeedback("q1", 0.9); // learn — next search is smarter

Who is it for?

If you're building... AgentDB gives you...
A RAG chatbot Search that learns which documents actually answer user questions
A code review agent Pattern memory that remembers what worked across 1000s of reviews
A research assistant Skill library that builds reusable tools from successful strategies
An RL-powered agent 9 algorithms from Q-Learning to PPO, with bandit-guided algorithm selection and transfer learning
A Claude Code / MCP tool 41 tools that plug in with one command
An offline or edge app Full vector DB in the browser via WASM — no server needed
An enterprise platform JWT auth, API key rotation, Argon2id hashing, SOC2/GDPR audit logs

Features

Intelligence

Self-Learning Search Gets 36% better over time — learns from feedback, no manual tuning
Cognitive Memory 6 human-inspired patterns: learn from mistakes, build reusable skills, discover what causes what
Decision Intelligence Thompson Sampling bandit auto-tunes skill selection, pattern ranking, compression tiers, and RL algorithm choice
9 RL Algorithms Q-Learning, SARSA, DQN, PPO, Actor-Critic, Policy Gradient, Decision Transformer, MCTS, Model-Based RL
Hybrid Search BM25 keyword + vector with Reciprocal Rank Fusion — exact matches + semantic understanding
Graph Intelligence Cypher queries, causal reasoning, GNN 8-head attention (+12.4% recall)

Performance

150x Faster 61us search with Rust+SIMD — 800x faster than Pinecone, 160x faster than Chroma
4 Backends Auto-selects best available: RuVector (Rust) > RVF > HNSWLib (C++) > sql.js (WASM)
Runs Anywhere Node.js, browsers (WASM), edge functions, fully offline
AgentDBFast 50-200x faster programmatic API — skip CLI overhead for production workloads

Storage & Data

Cognitive Container (RVF) Single .rvf file — vectors, index, learning state, SHAKE-256 witness chain
COW Branching Instant copy-on-write branches for experiments, with full lineage tracking
Compression 5-tier auto-tiering (hot/warm/cool/cold/archive), scalar 8-bit/4-bit, product quantization
Metadata Filtering 10 MongoDB-style operators ($eq, $gt, $in, $contains, $exists, etc.)

Integration & Tools

41 MCP Tools One command to connect to Claude Code, Cursor, or any MCP-compatible assistant
Chat UI @agentdb/chat — deploy a self-learning RAG chatbot in one line
LLM Router Auto-selects best provider: RuvLLM (local), OpenRouter (200+ models), Gemini, Claude, ONNX
Real-Time Sync QUIC transport, multi-instance replication, 4 conflict resolution strategies

Enterprise & Security

Auth & Audit JWT tokens, Argon2id hashing, API key rotation, SOC2/GDPR/HIPAA logging
Security Input validation, XSS/injection prevention, Cypher sanitization, witness chain verification
Observability OpenTelemetry traces, Prometheus metrics, structured logging
Benchmarking 5 built-in benchmarks, custom benchmark classes, Markdown/JSON reports

Zero config, zero cost. npm install agentdb and go — fully local, no API keys, no cloud fees.

Install

npm install agentdb          # Latest stable (v2)
npm install agentdb@alpha    # Latest alpha (v3 — unified .rvf, self-learning, SolverBandit)

Zero native dependencies. AgentDB uses sql.js (WASM SQLite) — no Python, no C++ compiler, no node-gyp. Works on Windows, macOS, Linux, and CI containers out of the box. better-sqlite3 is supported as an optional performance upgrade but never required.


Comparison

61 microseconds. That's 800x faster than Pinecone, 160x faster than Chroma, and the only vector database that learns from your usage and gets better over time.

vs. Other Vector Databases

Intelligence

Feature AgentDB v3 Pinecone Chroma Weaviate pgvector
Self-learning pipeline SONA + contrastive + federated + bandit No No No No
Reinforcement learning 9 algorithms (Q-Learning to MCTS) No No No No
Cognitive memory 6 patterns No No No No
Hybrid search BM25 + vector (RRF fusion) No No BM25 only No
Graph queries Cypher No No GraphQL No

Performance & Deployment

Feature AgentDB v3 Pinecone Chroma Weaviate pgvector
Search latency 61us ~50ms ~10ms ~5ms ~2ms
Runs offline Full No Yes Yes Yes
Browser (WASM) Yes No No No No

Storage

Feature AgentDB v3 Pinecone Chroma Weaviate pgvector
Cognitive Container Single .rvf file + COW branching No No No No
Monthly cost $0 $70+ $0 $0+ $0+

Integration & Security

Feature AgentDB v3 Pinecone Chroma Weaviate pgvector
MCP integration 41 tools No No No No
Auth & audit JWT + Argon2id + compliance logs No No No No
Local-first Yes Cloud only Yes Self-host Postgres

Backend Performance

Backend Latency Recall@10 Native Best For
RuVector (Rust + SIMD) 61us 96.8% Yes Production, high throughput
Cognitive Container (RVF) ~100us 96.8% Yes Portable, branching, lineage
HNSWLib (C++) ~500us 95%+ Yes Compatibility
sql.js (WASM) ~5ms 90%+ No Zero-dependency fallback

AgentDB auto-selects the best available: RuVector > Cognitive Container (RVF) > HNSWLib > sql.js


Quick Start

npm install agentdb

The AgentDB class is the simplest way to use AgentDB. Everything — vectors, relational data, learning state — lives in a single .rvf file:

import { AgentDB } from "agentdb";

const db = new AgentDB({ dbPath: "./knowledge.rvf" });
await db.initialize();

// All controllers are ready — reflexion memory, skill library, causal graph
const reflexion = db.getController("reflexion");
const skills = db.getController("skills");
const causal = db.getController("causal");

// Store an episode
await reflexion.storeEpisode({
  sessionId: "session-1",
  task: "Fix auth bug",
  reward: 0.95,
  success: true,
  critique: "OAuth2 PKCE was the right approach",
});

// Create a reusable skill
await skills.createSkill({
  name: "jwt_auth",
  description: "JWT authentication with refresh tokens",
  code: "implementation...",
  successRate: 0.92,
});

// Save everything to one file and close
await db.save();
await db.close();

Configuration options:

Option Default Description
dbPath ':memory:' Path to .rvf file (or .db for legacy mode)
vectorBackend 'rvf' Backend: 'rvf' (unified), 'auto', 'ruvector', 'hnswlib'
vectorDimension 384 Embedding dimension (384 for MiniLM, 768 for bge-base)
forceWasm false Force sql.js WASM backend (sql.js is the default; better-sqlite3 used only if installed)
enableAttention false Enable GNN attention mechanisms

Controllers: db.getController('reflexion') (ReflexionMemory), db.getController('skills') (SkillLibrary), db.getController('causal') (CausalMemoryGraph)

CLI — try it in 10 seconds

npx agentdb init                                    # Initialize a new database
npx agentdb doctor                                  # Check system health
npx agentdb rvf status ./store.rvf                  # Inspect a Cognitive Container
npx agentdb rvf derive ./prod.rvf ./experiment.rvf  # Branch for experiments (instant, COW)
npx agentdb mcp start                               # Start MCP server (41 tools)
npx @agentdb/chat serve --rvf ./kb.rvf --port 3000  # Launch chat UI
Complete CLI Reference — 60+ commands across 8 categories

Core

npx agentdb init                          # Initialize database
npx agentdb status                        # System status and diagnostics
npx agentdb doctor [--fix] [--verbose]    # Health check with auto-fix

Cognitive Container (RVF) Management

npx agentdb rvf status ./store.rvf        # Container statistics
npx agentdb rvf compact ./store.rvf       # Reclaim space
npx agentdb rvf derive ./src.rvf ./dst.rvf # COW branch
npx agentdb rvf segments ./store.rvf      # Segment introspection
npx agentdb rvf detect                    # SDK availability

Learning & Training

npx agentdb learn --session <id> --train  # Train a learning session
npx agentdb learn --status                # Learning system status

Routing

npx agentdb route --query "search term"   # Test semantic routing
npx agentdb route --list                  # Show learned intents

Attention & Hyperbolic

npx agentdb attention --benchmark         # Attention performance test
npx agentdb hyperbolic --test             # Hyperbolic embedding test

Simulation

npx agentdb simulate hnsw --iterations 3           # HNSW optimization
npx agentdb simulate attention --iterations 3       # GNN attention
npx agentdb simulate self-organizing --days 30      # Self-healing
npx agentdb simulate --wizard                       # Interactive wizard
npx agentdb simulate --custom ./my-scenario.json    # Custom simulation
npx agentdb simulate --report ./output.md           # Generate report

Migration & Import

npx agentdb migrate --source ./old.db --target ./new.db  # Full v1→v2 migration
npx agentdb migrate --source ./v2.db --to v3 --rvf-path ./unified.rvf  # v2→v3 unified .rvf
npx agentdb migrate --to rvf --rvf-path ./out.rvf        # Export to Cognitive Container
npx agentdb migrate --dry-run --verbose                   # Preview changes

MCP Server

npx agentdb mcp start                    # Start MCP server (41 tools)
npx agentdb mcp start --port 8080        # Custom port

Self-Learning Vector Search (the differentiator)

Most vector databases return the same results no matter how many times you query them. AgentDB closes the loop: after every search, you tell it which results were actually useful. A contrastive trainer (InfoNCE + hard-negative mining) adjusts a lightweight LoRA adapter in under 1 ms, and EWC++ consolidation keeps old knowledge intact. Over 500 feedback cycles, recall jumps from 54% to 90% — automatically.

import { SelfLearningRvfBackend } from "agentdb/backends/rvf/SelfLearningRvfBackend";

// Create a self-learning Cognitive Container
const backend = await SelfLearningRvfBackend.create({
  dimension: 384,
  metric: "cosine",
  storagePath: "./knowledge.rvf",
  learning: true, // enable the learning pipeline
});

// Insert documents
await backend.insertAsync("doc-1", embedding, { title: "Auth Guide" });
await backend.insertAsync("doc-2", embedding2, { title: "API Reference" });

// Search — automatically routed through the learning pipeline
const results = await backend.searchAsync(queryEmbedding, 10);

// Tell AgentDB which results were useful — this drives learning
backend.recordFeedback("query-1", 0.95); // great result
backend.recordFeedback("query-2", 0.2); // poor result

// Run a learning tick — trains the model, updates adapters
await backend.tick();
// Next search will be smarter based on your feedback

Cognitive Memory (pattern learning)

Store and retrieve reasoning patterns — your agent remembers what worked:

import { createDatabase, ReasoningBank, EmbeddingService } from "agentdb";

const db = await createDatabase("./agent-memory.db");
const embedder = new EmbeddingService({ model: "Xenova/all-MiniLM-L6-v2" });
await embedder.initialize();

const reasoningBank = new ReasoningBank(db, embedder);

// Store what your agent learned
await reasoningBank.storePattern({
  taskType: "code_review",
  approach: "Security-first analysis",
  successRate: 0.95,
});

// Find similar successful patterns
const patterns = await reasoningBank.searchPatterns({
  task: "security code review",
  k: 10,
});

Unified Mode — Everything in One File

In v3, AgentDB stores vectors, relational data, learning state, and metadata in a single .rvf file:

import { AgentDB } from "agentdb";

// Single-file mode is the default — no configuration needed
const db = new AgentDB({ dbPath: "./agent.rvf" });
await db.initialize();

// Access the underlying database for advanced queries
const raw = db.database;
const stats = raw.prepare("SELECT COUNT(*) as c FROM episodes").get();

// Check mode
console.log(db.isUnifiedMode); // true — everything in one .rvf file
console.log(db.vectorBackendName); // 'rvf'

// Save and reopen — all data persists in agent.rvf
await db.save();
await db.close();

const db2 = new AgentDB({ dbPath: "./agent.rvf" });
await db2.initialize(); // All episodes, skills, vectors restored

Chat UI (one-line deployment)

Deploy a self-learning RAG chatbot over any Cognitive Container:

npx @agentdb/chat serve --rvf ./kb.rvf --port 3000

How the Learning Loop Works

Every search automatically triggers a learning cycle. No configuration needed — just call recordFeedback() after using results:

graph LR
  A["Your Query"] --> B["Semantic Router<br/>classifies intent"]
  B --> C["Embedding Adapter<br/>adjusts in <1ms"]
  C --> D["HNSW Search<br/>61us, 96.8% recall"]
  D --> E["Results"]
  E --> F["Your Feedback<br/>0.0 - 1.0"]
  F --> G["Contrastive Trainer<br/>learns what's good"]
  G --> C
  style G fill:#2d6,stroke:#1a4,color:#fff
  style A fill:#36f,stroke:#24d,color:#fff

Result: Over 10 sessions with 50 episodes each, search quality improved from 54% to 90% — a 36% gain with zero manual tuning.

Architecture

graph TD
  A[Your Application] --> B[AgentDB Core]
  B --> C[Cognitive Memory<br/>6 patterns]
  B --> D[Self-Learning Pipeline<br/>SONA + Contrastive + Federated]
  B --> E[Backend Auto-Selection]
  E --> F[RuVector<br/>Rust+SIMD 61us]
  E --> G[Cognitive Container<br/>RVF single-file COW]
  E --> H[HNSWLib<br/>C++ HNSW]
  E --> I[sql.js<br/>WASM fallback]
  B --> J[NativeAccelerator<br/>15 capability groups]
  B --> K[MCP Server<br/>41 tools]
  B --> L[Graph Intelligence<br/>Cypher + GNN]

MCP Integration

One command to give any AI assistant access to self-learning vector search, cognitive memory, and 37 specialized tools.

Connect AgentDB to Claude Code, Cursor, or any MCP-compatible AI assistant:

claude mcp add agentdb npx agentdb mcp start

Or add to ~/.config/claude/claude_desktop_config.json:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "agentdb": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["agentdb", "mcp", "start"],
      "env": { "AGENTDB_PATH": "./agentdb.rvf" }
    }
  }
}

MCP Tools Overview

Category Tools Examples
Core DB 6 init, insert, batch insert, search, delete, stats
Patterns 4 store, search, batch store, statistics
Memory 9 reflexion store/retrieve/batch, skill create/search/batch, causal edges/queries, nightly learner
Learning 10 RL sessions, predictions, feedback, training, transfer learning, explainability
Recall 2 explainable recall with provenance certificates, cache management
Solver 4 solver train, acceptance testing, policy inspection, witness chain audit
Admin 6 diagnostics, migration, pruning, experience recording, reward signals, legacy stats

All 41 tools support parallel execution markers, batch operations, intelligent caching, and format parameters for token reduction.


Chat Ecosystem

The @agentdb/chat package provides a one-line chat UI with self-learning RAG built on top of AgentDB:

# Serve a chat interface over your knowledge base
npx @agentdb/chat serve --rvf ./kb.rvf --port 3000

Programmatic usage:

import { createChatServer } from "@agentdb/chat";

const server = await createChatServer("./kb.rvf", {
  port: 3000,
  learning: true,
});

The chat ecosystem includes:

  • Chat Server — streaming inference with any LLM provider
  • Chat Persistence — conversation history stored in Cognitive Containers
  • MCP Bridge — expose all 37 AgentDB tools through chat
  • Chat UI (@agentdb/chat-ui) — SvelteKit frontend with real-time tool invocation

See the @agentdb/chat README for full documentation.


Deep Dives

Expand any section below for code examples, configuration, and architecture details.

Getting Started | Guides | Tutorials | Advanced Usage

Intelligence & Learning | Self-Learning Pipeline | Cognitive Memory | Reinforcement Learning | Hybrid Search | Graph Intelligence | Query Lifecycle

Performance & Architecture | SIMD Acceleration | Browser & WASM | Benchmarks | AgentDBFast | Benchmark Suite

Storage & Data | Cognitive Container (RVF) | Quantization | Metadata Filtering

Integration & Tools | LLM Router | Model Import/Export | Multi-Database Sync | Real-Time Sync

Enterprise & Security | Security | Auth & Audit | Observability


Getting Started

Step-by-step guides, tutorials, and advanced configuration for every skill level.

Guides — backend selection, migration, health checks, federated learning

Backend Selection

# Auto-detect best backend (recommended)
npx agentdb init --backend auto

# Force RuVector (fastest, requires native bindings)
npx agentdb init --backend ruvector

# Force Cognitive Container (single-file, portable)
npx agentdb init --backend rvf --rvf-path ./vectors.rvf

# Force HNSWLib (C++ HNSW)
npx agentdb init --backend hnswlib

Migration

# Migrate v1 → v2
npx agentdb migrate --source ./old.db --target ./new.db

# Migrate v2 → v3 unified .rvf (same schemas, data copy)
npx agentdb migrate --source ./v2.db --to v3 --rvf-path ./unified.rvf

# Export to Cognitive Container
npx agentdb migrate --to rvf --rvf-path ./vectors.rvf

# Dry-run migration
npx agentdb migrate --dry-run --verbose

Health Checks

# Full diagnostic
npx agentdb doctor --verbose

# Check specific Cognitive Container
npx agentdb doctor --rvf-path ./vectors.rvf

# Auto-fix issues
npx agentdb doctor --fix

Federated Learning Setup

Configure cross-session federated learning for continuous improvement:

import {
  FederatedLearningCoordinator,
  EphemeralLearningAgent,
} from "agentdb/services/federated-learning";

const coordinator = new FederatedLearningCoordinator({
  agentId: "coordinator-1",
  minQuality: 0.7,
  maxAgents: 100,
});

const agent = new EphemeralLearningAgent({
  agentId: "session-agent-1",
  qualityFiltering: true,
});

const state = agent.exportState();
await coordinator.aggregate(state);
const merged = await coordinator.consolidate();

Tutorials — 6 step-by-step walkthroughs from beginner to advanced

Tutorial 1: Build a Learning Code Review Agent

import {
  createDatabase,
  ReasoningBank,
  ReflexionMemory,
  EmbeddingService,
} from "agentdb";

const db = await createDatabase("./code-reviewer.db");
const embedder = new EmbeddingService({ model: "Xenova/all-MiniLM-L6-v2" });
await embedder.initialize();

const reasoningBank = new ReasoningBank(db, embedder);
const reflexion = new ReflexionMemory(db, embedder);

await reasoningBank.storePattern({
  taskType: "code_review",
  approach: "Security scan > Type safety > Code quality > Performance",
  successRate: 0.94,
});

const result = await performCodeReview(code);
await reflexion.storeEpisode({
  sessionId: "review-1",
  task: "Review authentication PR",
  reward: result.issuesFound > 0 ? 0.9 : 0.6,
  success: true,
  critique: "Found SQL injection — security checks work!",
  input: code,
  output: result.findings,
});

const pastReviews = await reflexion.retrieveRelevant({
  task: "authentication code review",
  k: 5,
  onlySuccesses: true,
});

Tutorial 2: RAG with Self-Learning Skills

import { createDatabase, SkillLibrary, EmbeddingService } from "agentdb";

const db = await createDatabase("./rag-system.db");
const embedder = new EmbeddingService({ model: "Xenova/all-MiniLM-L6-v2" });
await embedder.initialize();

const skills = new SkillLibrary(db, embedder);

await skills.createSkill({
  name: "expand_query",
  description: "Expand user query with domain-specific synonyms",
  signature: { inputs: { query: "string" }, outputs: { expanded: "string[]" } },
  code: `const map = { 'bug': ['issue', 'defect', 'error'] }; ...`,
  successRate: 0.92,
});

const applicable = await skills.searchSkills({
  task: "find technical documentation",
  k: 10,
});

Tutorial 3: Run Latent Space Simulations

npx agentdb simulate hnsw --iterations 3
npx agentdb simulate attention --iterations 3
npx agentdb simulate self-organizing --days 30
npx agentdb simulate --wizard

Tutorial 4: Cognitive Container Branching

import { RvfBackend } from "agentdb/backends/rvf/RvfBackend";

const main = new RvfBackend({
  dimension: 384,
  metric: "cosine",
  storagePath: "./main.rvf",
});
await main.initialize();
await main.insertAsync("doc-1", embedding1, { source: "production" });
await main.flush();

// Branch for experiment (copy-on-write, near-instant)
const experiment = await main.derive("./experiment.rvf");
await experiment.insertAsync("doc-exp-1", experimentEmbedding);
console.log(`Lineage depth: ${await experiment.lineageDepth()}`);

Tutorial 5: Self-Learning RAG Pipeline

import { SelfLearningRvfBackend } from "agentdb/backends/rvf/SelfLearningRvfBackend";

const backend = await SelfLearningRvfBackend.create({
  dimension: 384,
  metric: "cosine",
  storagePath: "./rag-vectors.rvf",
  learning: true,
  federated: true,
});

for (const doc of documents) {
  await backend.insertAsync(doc.id, doc.embedding, { title: doc.title });
}

const results = await backend.searchAsync(queryEmbedding, 10);
backend.recordFeedback("query-1", 0.95);
await backend.tick();

Tutorial 6: Chat UI with Custom Knowledge Base

npx agentdb init --backend rvf --rvf-path ./docs.rvf
npx agentdb import ./docs/ --rvf-path ./docs.rvf
npx @agentdb/chat serve --rvf ./docs.rvf --port 3000

Advanced Usage — batch ops, caching, solver tuning, GNN training, context synthesis

Batch Operations

import { BatchOperations } from "agentdb/optimizations/BatchOperations";

const batchOps = new BatchOperations(db, embedder, {
  batchSize: 100,
  parallelism: 4,
  progressCallback: (done, total) => console.log(`${done}/${total}`),
});

await batchOps.insertSkills([...skills]);
await batchOps.insertEpisodes([...episodes]);
await batchOps.insertPatterns([...patterns]);

Custom Backend Selection

import { createBackend, detectBackends } from "agentdb/backends/factory";

const detection = await detectBackends();
// { ruvector: { available, native, gnn }, rvf: { sdk, node, wasm }, hnswlib: { available } }

const backend = await createBackend({
  type: "rvf",
  dimension: 384,
  metric: "cosine",
  storagePath: "./vectors.rvf",
});

Adaptive Index Tuning

import { AgentDBSolver } from "agentdb/backends/rvf/RvfSolver";

const solver = await AgentDBSolver.create();
const trainResult = solver.train({
  count: 50,
  minDifficulty: 1,
  maxDifficulty: 10,
});
const policy = solver.policy();
// 18 context buckets (3 range x 3 distractor x 2 noise)

Federated Session Manager

import {
  FederatedLearningCoordinator,
  EphemeralLearningAgent,
} from "agentdb/services/federated-learning";

const coordinator = new FederatedLearningCoordinator({
  agentId: "coord-main",
  minQuality: 0.7,
  maxAgents: 100,
});
const sessionAgent = new EphemeralLearningAgent({
  agentId: `session-${Date.now()}`,
  qualityFiltering: true,
});

await sessionAgent.processTask(embedding, 0.9);
const state = sessionAgent.exportState();
await coordinator.aggregate(state);
const merged = await coordinator.consolidate();

Context Synthesizer

import { ContextSynthesizer } from "agentdb/controllers/ContextSynthesizer";

const synthesizer = new ContextSynthesizer();
const context = await synthesizer.synthesize(memories);
// { summary, patterns, successRate, averageReward, recommendations, keyInsights }

GNN Learning Backend

import { LearningBackend } from "agentdb/backends/LearningBackend";

const learner = new LearningBackend({ dimension: 384 });
const enhanced = learner.enhance(queryEmbedding, neighborEmbeddings, weights);
learner.addSample(embedding, "positive", 1.0, { source: "feedback" });
const result = await learner.train(10);
// { epochs: 10, finalLoss: 0.023, improvement: 15.2, durationMs: 340 }

Intelligence & Learning

How AgentDB learns, reasons, and improves over time — from self-learning search to reinforcement learning and causal graphs.

Self-Learning Pipeline — how search improves 36% automatically

AgentDB's self-learning pipeline continuously improves search quality through a six-phase cycle:

flowchart LR
  Q[Query] --> R[Semantic Router]
  R --> S[SONA Enhancement]
  S --> T[HNSW Search]
  T --> U[Results]
  U --> V[Feedback]
  V --> W[Contrastive Trainer<br/>InfoNCE + Hard Negatives]
  W --> X[Micro-LoRA Update]
  X --> Y[EWC++ Consolidation]
  Y --> Z[Federated Aggregation]

1. Semantic Query Routing

The SemanticQueryRouter classifies query intent by comparing against learned intent centroids using efficient min-heap top-k selection (O(n log k)). It lazily loads @ruvector/router for sub-millisecond HNSW routing and falls back to brute-force cosine with pre-computed norms when native bindings aren't available.

The router also selects the adaptive ef-search arm for the query. Four ef-search levels (50, 100, 200, 400) are chosen based on the solver's Thompson Sampling policy for the matching context bucket.

// Router learns intents from usage patterns
router.addIntent("technical_search", embedding); // up to 100 exemplars per intent
router.addIntent("conversational", embedding);
const { intent, confidence } = await router.route(queryEmbedding, k);

// Router state persists across restarts (debounced 5s save)
// Max 1,000 intents, JSON fallback or native persistence

2. SONA Enhancement

Context enrichment from trajectory history. The SONA engine (@ruvector/sona) tracks query trajectories and enriches embeddings with session context before search. SONA also applies the base LoRA adapter to the query embedding, adjusting it in sub-millisecond time based on learned patterns.

3. Contrastive Training

InfoNCE contrastive loss with hard negative mining inspired by NV-Retriever's positive-aware filtering:

  • Loss function: L = -log(exp(sim(anchor, positive) / τ) / Σ exp(sim(anchor, negative_i) / τ))
  • Hard negative filtering: Rejects candidates where sim(candidate, positive) > 0.85, eliminating ~70% of false negatives
  • 3-stage curriculum: Progressively increases difficulty — negatives per sample (4 → 8 → 16), hardness threshold (0.5 → 0.3 → 0.1), 100 batches per stage
  • AdamW optimizer: β1=0.9, β2=0.999, decoupled weight decay, full bias correction
  • Temperature: Bounded 0.01-1.0 (default: 0.07)
// ContrastiveTrainer handles hard negative mining automatically
const result = trainer.trainBatch([
  {
    anchor: queryEmb,
    positive: goodResultEmb,
    negatives: [badResult1, badResult2],
  },
]);
// result: { loss, gradients, batchSize }

When native SIMD is available, cosine similarity and AdamW steps delegate to the NativeAccelerator for hardware-accelerated computation.

4. Micro-LoRA Adaptation

Sub-millisecond embedding adjustment per query. A lightweight projection matrix (W: d×d + bias: d) is applied to the query embedding before search, specializing for each user's query patterns without modifying the base model. LoRA adapters are updated after each contrastive training batch.

5. EWC++ Consolidation

Elastic Weight Consolidation prevents catastrophic forgetting by penalizing changes to important parameters. The Fisher information matrix is updated incrementally via the NativeAccelerator's ewcUpdateFisher() and penalty is computed via ewcPenalty(), ensuring previously learned patterns survive new training.

6. Federated Session Aggregation

Cross-session LoRA merging for continuous improvement. Lightweight EphemeralLearningAgent instances (~5MB each) export their state to a FederatedLearningCoordinator for quality-filtered aggregation (minimum quality threshold: 0.7, up to 100 agents).

How tick() Works

Each learning tick performs these steps in sequence:

  1. Flush SONA — persist trajectory context
  2. Train contrastive batch — 32 samples from recorded feedback
  3. Train solver — 50 puzzles to update Thompson Sampling policy
  4. Decay access frequencies — multiply by 0.99, prune entries below 0.001 (every 50 ticks)
  5. Update temporal compressor — adjust compression tiers
  6. Assess health — latency tracking via health monitor
  7. Consolidate federated state — merge distributed agent states
  8. Acceptance check — every 100 ticks, run A/B/C ablation (mode A: fixed heuristic, mode B: compiler-suggested, mode C: learned Thompson Sampling) to validate adaptive ef-search

Full Example

import { SelfLearningRvfBackend } from "agentdb/backends/rvf/SelfLearningRvfBackend";

const backend = await SelfLearningRvfBackend.create({
  dimension: 384,
  metric: "cosine",
  storagePath: "./vectors.rvf",
  learning: true,
  federated: true,
  positiveThreshold: 0.7,
  negativeThreshold: 0.3,
  trainingBatchSize: 32,
  tickIntervalMs: 5000,
});

// Insert vectors
await backend.insertAsync("doc-1", embedding, { source: "docs" });

// Search (automatically enhanced by SONA + router)
const results = await backend.searchAsync(queryEmbedding, 10);

// Record feedback to drive learning
backend.recordFeedback("query-123", 0.9); // high quality result

// Run a learning tick (contrastive training + LoRA update + EWC consolidation)
await backend.tick();

// Check learning progress
const stats = backend.getLearningStats();
console.log(
  `Trajectories: ${stats.trajectoryCount}, LoRA rank: ${stats.loraRank}`,
);

Cognitive Memory Patterns — 6 ways your agent learns like a human

AgentDB implements six cognitive memory patterns inspired by how humans learn:

1. ReasoningBank — Pattern Learning

Store successful reasoning patterns and retrieve them by semantic similarity. The system learns which approaches work best for different task types.

await reasoningBank.storePattern({
  taskType: "bug_investigation",
  approach: "Check logs > Reproduce > Binary search for root cause",
  successRate: 0.92,
  tags: ["debugging", "systematic"],
});

const patterns = await reasoningBank.searchPatterns({
  task: "debug memory leak",
  k: 10,
  threshold: 0.7,
});

2. Reflexion Memory — Learn from Experience

Store complete task episodes with self-generated critiques, then replay them to improve future performance. Based on Shinn et al., 2023.

await reflexion.storeEpisode({
  sessionId: "session-1",
  task: "Fix authentication bug",
  reward: 0.95,
  success: true,
  critique: "OAuth2 PKCE flow was more secure than basic flow",
  input: "Users cannot log in",
  output: "Working OAuth2 implementation",
  latencyMs: 1200,
  tokensUsed: 500,
});

const similar = await reflexion.retrieveRelevant({
  task: "authentication issues",
  k: 10,
  onlySuccesses: true,
});

3. Skill Library — Lifelong Learning

Transform successful patterns into reusable, composable skills that improve over time.

await skills.createSkill({
  name: "jwt_authentication",
  description: "Generate and validate JWT tokens",
  signature: { inputs: { userId: "string" }, outputs: { token: "string" } },
  code: "implementation...",
  successRate: 0.92,
});

const applicable = await skills.searchSkills({
  task: "user authentication",
  k: 5,
  minSuccessRate: 0.7,
});

4. Causal Memory Graph — Intervention Causality

Track p(y|do(x)) using doubly robust estimation. Learn what interventions cause what outcomes.

import { CausalMemoryGraph } from "agentdb";

const causalGraph = new CausalMemoryGraph(db);

const experimentId = causalGraph.createExperiment({
  name: "test_error_handling",
  hypothesis: "Try-catch reduces crash rate",
  treatmentId: 123,
  treatmentType: "episode",
  controlId: 124,
  startTime: Date.now(),
  sampleSize: 0,
  status: "running",
});

const { uplift, pValue } = causalGraph.calculateUplift(experimentId);

5. Explainable Recall — Provenance Certificates

Every retrieval comes with a cryptographic Merkle proof explaining why specific memories were selected.

const result = await causalRecall.recall(
  "query-123",
  "How to optimize API response time",
  12,
  ["performance"],
  "internal",
);

console.log(`Certificate: ${result.certificate.id}`);
console.log(`Completeness: ${result.certificate.completenessScore}`);

6. Nightly Learner — Automated Discovery

Background process that discovers causal patterns, consolidates skills, and prunes low-quality data automatically.

const learner = new NightlyLearner(db, embedder);
const discovered = await learner.discover({
  minAttempts: 3,
  minSuccessRate: 0.6,
  minConfidence: 0.7,
  dryRun: false,
});

Storage & Data

How AgentDB stores vectors, manages compression tiers, and provides MongoDB-style filtering — all in a single Cognitive Container.

Cognitive Container (RVF Format) — single-file storage with crash safety and branching

The Cognitive Container is AgentDB's native storage format (.rvf — RuVector Format). It packs vectors, indexes, learning state, and a cryptographic witness chain into a single file with crash safety, progressive indexing, and full lineage tracking.

Structure

graph TB
  subgraph "store.rvf"
    H[Header + Magic Bytes]
    S1[Segment 1<br/>Vectors + Metadata]
    S2[Segment 2]
    IX[HNSW Index<br/>Progressive]
    WC[Witness Chain<br/>SHAKE-256]
    LN[Lineage Record<br/>Parent ID + Depth]
  end
  H --> S1
  S1 --> S2
  S2 --> IX
  IX --> WC
  WC --> LN

Key Capabilities

Feature Description
Single-file Everything in one Cognitive Container (.rvf) — vectors, index, metadata
Crash-safe Append-only log with checksums, safe concurrent access
COW Branching Create copy-on-write branches for experiments (near-instant)
Lineage Tracking fileId(), parentId(), lineageDepth() for file-level provenance
Progressive Indexing 3-layer HNSW quality tiers, index builds incrementally as data arrives
Witness Chains SHAKE-256 cryptographic verification (73 bytes per entry)
Filter Expressions 11 operators for metadata filtering, max 64 depth
Auto-Compaction compact() reclaims space, reports segments compacted & bytes reclaimed
Readonly Mode openReadonly() for concurrent readers without locks
Segment Introspection segments() returns id, type, and payload length per segment
Kernel Embedding Embed unikernel images directly into Cognitive Containers
eBPF Embedding Embed and extract eBPF bytecode for programmable queries

Configuration

const backend = new RvfBackend({
  dimension: 384,
  metric: "cosine", // 'cosine' | 'l2' | 'dotproduct'
  storagePath: "./vectors.rvf",
  rvfBackend: "auto", // 'auto' | 'node' (N-API) | 'wasm' (browser)
  batchThreshold: 100, // Auto-flush after N sync inserts (1-10,000)
  compression: "none", // 'none' (fp32) | 'scalar' (int8) | 'product' (PQ)
  hardwareProfile: 0, // 0=Generic | 1=Core | 2=Hot | 3=Full
  enableStats: true, // Track insert/search/flush/compaction timing
});

Hardware profiles tune internal parameters for your deployment:

Profile Level Best For
Generic (0) Conservative defaults Unknown hardware
Core (1) Balanced throughput/latency Developer machines
Hot (2) Aggressive caching High-throughput servers
Full (3) Maximum parallelism Dedicated vector search

Witness Chains

Every mutation is recorded in a tamper-evident SHAKE-256 witness chain (73 bytes per entry). This provides cryptographic proof that data has not been modified after the fact:

const result = backend.verifyWitnessChain();
// { valid: true, entries: 1042, algorithm: 'SHAKE-256' }

// Verification uses @ruvector/rvf-wasm: rvf_witness_verify(), rvf_witness_count()

Filter Expressions

RVF supports 11 filter operators for metadata-filtered search. Filters are serialized to a compact field-ID format with a maximum depth of 64 expressions for security:

import { FilterBuilder } from "agentdb/backends/rvf/FilterBuilder";

const filter = new FilterBuilder()
  .eq("status", "active")
  .gt("score", 0.5)
  .range("timestamp", startDate, endDate)
  .in("category", ["research", "engineering"])
  .build();

const results = await backend.searchAsync(queryVector, 10, { filter });

// Also supports filter-based deletion
await backend.deleteByFilter(filter);

Available operators: eq, ne, lt, le, gt, ge, in, range, and, or, not

Performance Stats

The RVF backend tracks detailed performance counters:

const stats = backend.getPerformanceStats();
// {
//   insertCount: 10432, insertTotalMs: 521.6, avgInsertMs: 0.05,
//   searchCount: 8891,  searchTotalMs: 178.2, avgSearchMs: 0.02,
//   flushCount: 104,    compactionCount: 3
// }

Kernel & eBPF Embedding

Cognitive Containers can embed unikernel images and eBPF bytecode directly, enabling self-contained deployable artifacts:

// Embed a kernel image into the Cognitive Container
await backend.embedKernel({
  arch: "x86_64", // 'x86_64' | 'aarch64' | 'riscv64'
  type: "firecracker", // 'firecracker' | 'qemu' | 'cloud-hypervisor'
  flags: 0,
  image: kernelBuffer,
  apiPort: 8080,
  cmdline: "console=ttyS0",
});

// Extract it later
const kernel = await backend.extractKernel();
// { header: { arch, type, ... }, image: Uint8Array }

// eBPF bytecode for programmable query filters
await backend.embedEbpf(ebpfBytecode);
const ebpf = await backend.extractEbpf();

CLI Commands

# Show store status
npx agentdb rvf status ./store.rvf

# Compact to reclaim space
npx agentdb rvf compact ./store.rvf

# Create a branch (copy-on-write)
npx agentdb rvf derive ./parent.rvf ./experiment.rvf

# List segments
npx agentdb rvf segments ./store.rvf

# Detect SDK availability
npx agentdb rvf detect

Programmatic Usage

import { RvfBackend } from "agentdb/backends/rvf/RvfBackend";

const backend = new RvfBackend({
  dimension: 384,
  metric: "cosine",
  storagePath: "./vectors.rvf",
  rvfBackend: "auto", // 'node' for N-API, 'wasm' for browser
});
await backend.initialize();

// Async operations (native)
await backend.insertAsync("vec-1", embedding, { tag: "example" });
const results = await backend.searchAsync(queryVector, 10);
await backend.flush();

// COW branching
const branch = await backend.derive("./experiment.rvf");
const lineage = await backend.lineageDepth();

Backend Selection

# Initialize with RVF backend
npx agentdb init --backend rvf --rvf-path ./vectors.rvf

# Migrate v2 database to v3 unified .rvf
npx agentdb migrate --source ./v2.db --to v3 --rvf-path ./unified.rvf

# Migrate existing data to RVF
npx agentdb migrate --to rvf --rvf-path ./vectors.rvf

# Check RVF in diagnostics
npx agentdb doctor --rvf-path ./vectors.rvf

Performance & Architecture

The engine behind AgentDB's speed — SIMD acceleration, graph intelligence, browser WASM, and benchmarking.

SIMD & Native Acceleration — 15 capability groups with automatic fallbacks

The NativeAccelerator provides 15 capability groups bridging 11 @ruvector packages, with pure-JS fallbacks for every operation via SimdFallbacks.

Capability Groups

Group Operations Package
Vector Distance & Math cosine, dot, L2, hamming, add, mul, scale, normalize ruvector
Activations softmax, relu, gelu, sigmoid, layerNorm @ruvector/ruvllm
Loss Functions InfoNCE (contrastive) @ruvector/sona
Optimizers AdamW step @ruvector/sona
Quantization scalar 8-bit/4-bit, product quantization @ruvector/rvf
WASM Store create, ingest, query, export, close @ruvector/rvf-wasm
Verification witness chain, segment header @ruvector/rvf-node
Graph Transactions begin, commit, rollback @ruvector/graph-node
Graph Batch Insert high-throughput node/edge ingestion @ruvector/graph-node
Graph Cypher pattern matching, path queries @ruvector/graph-node
Core Batch Insert native vector batch ingestion ruvector
EWC Memory penalty calculation, Fisher update @ruvector/sona
Router save/load state persistence @ruvector/router
SONA context addition, flush, base LoRA @ruvector/sona
Compression tensor compress/decompress @ruvector/rvf

Auto-Detection

Each capability group is lazily loaded — only the packages actually installed on the system are loaded, and each load is tried independently so a missing package never blocks others:

import { NativeAccelerator } from "agentdb/backends/rvf/NativeAccelerator";

const accel = new NativeAccelerator();
const stats = await accel.initialize();

console.log(stats);
// AcceleratorStats:
// {
//   simdAvailable: true,              // Vector distance + element-wise math
//   simdActivationsAvailable: true,   // softmax, relu, gelu, sigmoid, layerNorm
//   wasmVerifyAvailable: true,        // Witness chain & header verification
//   wasmStoreAvailable: true,         // In-browser HNSW store
//   wasmQuantizationAvailable: true,  // Scalar/product quantization ops
//   nativeInfoNceAvailable: true,     // Hardware-accelerated InfoNCE loss
//   nativeAdamWAvailable: true,       // Hardware-accelerated AdamW optimizer
//   nativeTensorCompressAvailable: true, // SVD tensor compression
//   routerPersistAvailable: true,     // Semantic router state persistence
//   sonaExtendedAvailable: true,      // SONA trajectory context & base LoRA
// }
// Additional capabilities (probed separately):
// accel.graphTxAvailable         // Graph transactions
// accel.graphBatchInsertAvailable // Graph batch insert
// accel.graphCypherAvailable     // Cypher query engine
// accel.coreBatchInsertAvailable // Native vector batch insert
// accel.ewcManagerAvailable      // EWC++ memory consolidation

Pure-JS Fallbacks

Every SIMD operation has a pure-JS fallback with 4-wide loop unrolling for reasonable performance even without native bindings:

import { SimdFallbacks } from "agentdb/backends/rvf/SimdFallbacks";

// Same API as native, ~10-50x slower but always available
const similarity = SimdFallbacks.jsCosineSimilarity(vecA, vecB);
const loss = SimdFallbacks.jsInfoNceLoss(
  anchor,
  positive,
  negatives,
  temperature,
);
const result = SimdFallbacks.jsAdamWStep(
  params,
  grads,
  m,
  v,
  lr,
  beta1,
  beta2,
  weightDecay,
  t,
);

Additional SIMD Operations

The SIMDVectorOps class provides batch operations and platform-specific detection:

import { SIMDVectorOps, detectSIMDSupport } from "agentdb/simd";

const simd = new SIMDVectorOps();
const support = detectSIMDSupport();
// { wasm: true, x64: false, avx2: false, neon: false }

const similarities = simd.batchCosineSimilarity(query, [vec1, vec2, vec3]);

Graph Intelligence — Cypher queries, causal reasoning, GNN attention

AgentDB integrates @ruvector/graph-node for a full graph database with Cypher query support, transactional batch inserts, and GNN-powered attention.

Cypher Queries

Full Neo4j-compatible Cypher syntax including MATCH, RETURN, WHERE, ORDER BY, LIMIT, relationship patterns, and graph traversal:

import { GraphDatabaseAdapter } from "agentdb/backends/graph/GraphDatabaseAdapter";

const graph = new GraphDatabaseAdapter({
  storagePath: "./graph.db",
  dimensions: 384,
  distanceMetric: "Cosine", // 'Cosine' | 'Euclidean' | 'DotProduct' | 'Manhattan'
});
await graph.initialize();

// Create nodes and edges
await graph.storeEpisode(episode, embedding);
await graph.storeSkill(skill, embedding);
await graph.createCausalEdge(edge, embedding);

// Cypher queries
const results = await graph.query(`
  MATCH (e:Episode)-[:CAUSED]->(s:Skill)
  WHERE e.reward > 0.8
  RETURN e, s
  ORDER BY e.reward DESC
  LIMIT 10
`);

Graph Traversal

Traverse relationships with direction control, depth limits, and label filtering:

const paths = await graph.traverse({
  startNodeId: "episode-42",
  pattern: "()-[:RELATES_TO]->(:Skill)",
  direction: "outgoing", // 'outgoing' | 'incoming' | 'both'
  maxDepth: 3,
  relationshipTypes: ["CAUSED", "RELATES_TO"],
  nodeLabels: ["Episode", "Skill"],
});

Combine vector similarity with graph context filtering — find semantically similar nodes that are also connected in the knowledge graph:

// Vector similarity within graph structure
const results = await graph.vectorSearch(queryEmbedding, 10);
// Returns nodes ranked by embedding similarity with graph context

// Nodes support multi-label classification
await graph.createNode({
  id: "analysis-1",
  label: ["Episode", "Analyzed", "Security"],
  properties: { reward: 0.95, task: "auth review" },
  embedding: embeddingVector,
});

Transactional Batch Inserts

ACID-guaranteed batch operations with rollback support:

const txId = await graph.beginTransaction();
try {
  await graph.batchInsert(
    nodes.map((n) => ({ id: n.id, label: n.type, properties: n.data })),
    edges.map((e) => ({
      from: e.source,
      to: e.target,
      label: e.type,
      properties: e.data,
    })),
  );
  await graph.commitTransaction(txId);
} catch (err) {
  await graph.rollbackTransaction(txId);
}

GNN 8-Head Attention

The GNN attention mechanism improves recall by +12.4% with a 3.8ms forward pass and 91% transfer learning retention. Three attention types are available:

Type Algorithm Best For
gat Graph Attention Network Weighted neighbor aggregation
gcn Graph Convolutional Network Uniform message passing
sage GraphSAGE Inductive learning on unseen nodes
import { AttentionService } from "agentdb/controllers/AttentionService";

const attention = new AttentionService({
  numHeads: 8,
  dimension: 384,
  attentionType: "gat", // 'gat' | 'gcn' | 'sage'
});
const enhanced = await attention.forward(queryEmbedding, neighborEmbeddings);

Causal Memory Graph

Track interventions with p(y|do(x)) doubly robust estimation and optional Poincare embeddings for hierarchical relationships:

import { CausalMemoryGraph } from "agentdb";

const causal = new CausalMemoryGraph(db, graph, embedder, {
  ENABLE_HYPERBOLIC_ATTENTION: true, // Poincaré ball distance for hierarchies
});

await causal.addCausalEdge({
  fromMemoryId: "episode-1",
  toMemoryType: "skill", // 'episode' | 'skill' | 'note' | 'fact'
  uplift: 0.15, // E[y|do(x)] - E[y]
  confidence: 0.92,
  mechanism: "error-handling improvement",
  sampleSize: 50,
  confounderScore: 0.03,
});

Browser & WASM Deployment — full vector DB in the browser, no server needed

AgentDB runs fully in the browser with WASM-backed vector storage, GNN attention, product quantization, and pure-JS fallbacks.

WasmStoreBridge

The WasmStoreBridge provides a full HNSW vector database in the browser by wrapping @ruvector/rvf-wasm:

import { WasmStoreBridge } from "agentdb/backends/rvf/WasmStoreBridge";

const bridge = new WasmStoreBridge();
await bridge.initialize();

// Create an in-browser vector store
const handle = bridge.wasmStoreCreate(384, 0); // 384 dims, cosine metric

// Ingest vectors
bridge.wasmStoreIngest(handle, vectors, ids, count);

// Query
const results = bridge.wasmStoreQuery(handle, queryVector, 10, 0);
// [{ id: 42, distance: 0.12 }, ...]

// Export to transferable binary (share between tabs/workers)
const bytes = bridge.wasmStoreExport(handle);

bridge.wasmStoreClose(handle);

Browser Attention Mechanisms

The AttentionBrowser provides three advanced attention types compiled to WASM:

import { AttentionBrowser } from "agentdb/browser/AttentionBrowser";

const attention = new AttentionBrowser({ numHeads: 8 });
// Loading states: 'idle' → 'loading' → 'loaded' | 'error'

// Standard multi-head attention
const enhanced = await attention.forward(query, neighbors);

// Flash Attention — O(N) memory instead of O(N²)
const flash = await attention.flashAttention(query, keys, values);

// Hyperbolic Attention — Poincaré ball distance for hierarchical data
const hyper = await attention.hyperbolicAttention(query, neighbors);

// Memory Consolidation — agglomerative clustering to merge similar memories
const consolidated = await attention.consolidateMemories(memories, {
  threshold: 0.85,
  minClusterSize: 3,
});

Product Quantization (Browser)

Memory-efficient vector storage with three PQ compression levels:

Variant Compression Subvectors Centroids Best For
PQ8 4x 8 256 Balanced quality/memory
PQ16 8x 16 256 Medium datasets
PQ32 16x 32 256 Maximum compression
import {
  createProductQuantizedStore,
  createScalar8BitStore,
} from "agentdb/browser/ProductQuantization";

// Product quantization with asymmetric distance computation (ADC)
const pq = createProductQuantizedStore(384, {
  numSubvectors: 16,
  bitsPerCode: 8,
  // Uses K-means++ initialization for codebook training
});
pq.add("doc-1", embedding);
const results = pq.search(query, 10);

Browser Configuration Presets

Pre-tuned configurations for common scenarios:

Preset Features Target
SMALL_DATASET GNN only <1K vectors
MEDIUM_DATASET HNSW + PQ8 1K-10K vectors
LARGE_DATASET Aggressive compression + HNSW 10K-100K vectors
MEMORY_OPTIMIZED PQ32 + SVD (dim 64) Memory-constrained
SPEED_OPTIMIZED HNSW max quality Latency-critical
QUALITY_OPTIMIZED No compression, max attention heads Accuracy-critical

Maximal Marginal Relevance (MMR)

Diversify search results to avoid returning near-duplicate items:

import { MMRDiversityRanker } from "agentdb/controllers/MMRDiversityRanker";

const ranker = new MMRDiversityRanker({
  lambda: 0.7, // 0=max diversity, 1=max relevance
  metric: "cosine", // 'cosine' | 'euclidean' | 'dot'
});

// Rerank results: MMR = λ × Sim(Di,Q) - (1-λ) × max Sim(Di,Dj)
const diverse = ranker.rerank(queryEmbedding, candidates, 10);
const score = ranker.diversityScore(diverse); // average pairwise distance

Browser Bundle

import { AgentDB } from "agentdb/browser";

const db = new AgentDB({ dimension: 384 });
await db.initialize();

await db.insert("doc-1", embedding, { title: "Getting Started" });
const results = await db.search(queryEmbedding, 5);

sql.js & SIMD Fallbacks

For zero-dependency environments, AgentDB falls back to sql.js (SQLite compiled to WASM) automatically. Non-WASM browsers get pure-JS implementations with 4-wide loop unrolling (~10-50x slower than native SIMD but fully functional):

import { createDatabase } from "agentdb";
import { detectSIMDSupport } from "agentdb/simd";

// In browsers, automatically uses sql.js WASM backend
const db = await createDatabase(":memory:");

const support = detectSIMDSupport();
// { wasm: true, x64: false, avx2: false, neon: false }

Performance & Benchmarks — 61us latency, 96.8% recall, 32.6M ops/sec

Core Operations

Operation Throughput Latency
Pattern search 32.6M ops/sec <1ms
Pattern storage 388K ops/sec ~2.5us
Episode retrieval 957 ops/sec ~1ms
Skill search 694 ops/sec ~1.4ms
Batch insert 5,556-7,692 ops/sec 3-4x faster than sequential

Scaling Behavior

500 patterns:    1,475/sec, 2MB memory
2,000 patterns:  3,818/sec, 0MB delta
5,000 patterns:  4,536/sec, 4MB memory (super-linear)

Self-Learning Improvement

Adaptive Learning (10 sessions, 50 episodes each)
  Initial success rate: 54%
  Final success rate:   90%
  Improvement:          +36%

Latent Space Validation (31 scenarios, 98.2% reproducibility)

Scenario Result
HNSW Optimization 61us p50, 96.8% recall@10, 8.2x vs hnswlib
GNN Attention +12.4% recall, 3.8ms forward pass, 91% transfer
Self-Healing 97.9% degradation prevention, <100ms repair
Neural Augmentation +29.4% improvement, -32% memory, -52% hops

Adaptive Solver (Thompson Sampling)

The solver uses 18 context-bucketed bandits (3 range x 3 distractor x 2 noise levels) to dynamically tune search parameters:

const solver = await AgentDBSolver.create();

// Train the solver with puzzles of varying difficulty
const result = solver.train({ count: 50, minDifficulty: 1, maxDifficulty: 10 });

// Inspect the policy — shows Thompson Sampling alpha/beta per context bucket
const policy = solver.policy();
console.log(policy.contextStats);
// { '0_0_0': { alphaSafety: 12.5, betaSafety: 2.1, costEma: 0.03 }, ... }

// A/B/C acceptance testing
const manifest = solver.acceptance({ holdoutSize: 100, cycles: 3 });
console.log(`Passed: ${manifest.passed}, Score: ${manifest.score}`);

// SHAKE-256 witness chain for audit
const chain = solver.witnessChain();

Three-loop architecture:

  1. Fast loop — constraint propagation (~0.1ms)
  2. Medium loop — PolicyKernel with Thompson Sampling (~1ms)
  3. Slow loop — KnowledgeCompiler for long-term patterns (~10ms)

SolverBandit — Decision Intelligence Across Controllers (ADR-010)

The SolverBandit is a general-purpose Thompson Sampling bandit that provides explore/exploit decisions for any context-dependent selection problem. It powers adaptive decision-making in 5 AgentDB controllers:

Controller What the Bandit Decides Context Key
SkillLibrary Rerank retrieved skills by task type taskType string
ReasoningBank Rerank matching patterns by task type query text
NightlyLearner Prioritize experiment candidates 'experiment'
LearningSystem Select best RL algorithm (9 options) task description
TemporalCompressor Choose compression tier (none/half/pq8/pq4/binary) hot/warm/cold

Each controller uses the bandit optionally — when no bandit is provided, behavior is unchanged from v2. When present, the bandit reranks results using Thompson-sampled Beta distributions, and controllers feed outcomes back via recordReward().

import { SolverBandit } from "agentdb/backends/rvf/SolverBandit";

const bandit = new SolverBandit();

// Select best arm for a context
const skill = bandit.selectArm("code_review", [
  "lint_first",
  "test_first",
  "security_scan",
]);

// Record outcome
bandit.recordReward("code_review", skill, 0.85, /* latencyMs */ 120);

// Rerank candidates by learned performance
const ranked = bandit.rerank("code_review", [
  "lint_first",
  "test_first",
  "security_scan",
]);

// Serialize for cross-session persistence
const state = bandit.serialize(); // JSON-safe
const restored = SolverBandit.deserialize(state);

Performance: 100K selectArm calls in <200ms, 100K recordReward calls in <100ms.

Wire into AgentDB controllers:

import {
  SolverBandit,
  SkillLibrary,
  ReasoningBank,
  LearningSystem,
} from "agentdb";

const bandit = new SolverBandit({ costWeight: 0.01, explorationBonus: 0.1 });

// Pass as optional last parameter to any controller
const skills = new SkillLibrary(db, embedder, undefined, bandit);
const patterns = new ReasoningBank(db, embedder, undefined, bandit);
const learning = new LearningSystem(db, undefined, bandit);

// Controllers automatically rerank results and accept feedback
const algorithm = learning.recommendAlgorithm("navigation task");
learning.recordAlgorithmOutcome("navigation task", algorithm, 0.92, 340);

Enterprise & Security

Production-ready authentication, audit logging, and defense-in-depth security with cryptographic verification.

Security — defense-in-depth with cryptographic audit trails

AgentDB provides defense-in-depth security with validation at every system boundary.

Input Validation

import {
  validateVector,
  validateVectorId,
  validateSearchOptions,
  validateHNSWParams,
  sanitizeMetadata,
  validateCypherParams,
  validateLabel,
  validateBatchSize,
} from "agentdb/security/validation";

// Vector validation — prevents NaN/Infinity injection
validateVector(embedding, 384, "embedding");

// ID validation — prevents path traversal (../, etc.)
validateVectorId("doc-123", "id");

// Search bounds — k, threshold, efSearch range checking
validateSearchOptions({ k: 10, threshold: 0.7 });

// HNSW parameter validation — M, efConstruction, efSearch
validateHNSWParams({ M: 16, efConstruction: 200, efSearch: 100 });

// Metadata sanitization — strips password, token, key, apiKey, auth fields
const safe = sanitizeMetadata(userInput);

// Cypher injection prevention
validateCypherParams(params);

XSS & Injection Prevention

import {
  validateTaskString,
  validateNumericRange,
  validateEnum,
} from "agentdb/security/input-validation";

const task = validateTaskString(input, "task"); // XSS pattern detection
const k = validateNumericRange(kVal, "k", 1, 100);
const format = validateEnum(fmt, "format", ["json", "concise", "detailed"]);

Security Limits

Parameter Limit
Max vectors 10,000,000
Max dimension 4,096
Max batch size 10,000
Max k 10,000
Max metadata size 64 KB
Max ID length 256 chars
Filter expression depth 64
ef-search range 1 - 1,000
ef-construction range 4 - 500
M range 2 - 64

Witness Chain Verification

SHAKE-256 cryptographic witness chains provide tamper-evident audit trails:

const result = backend.verifyWitnessChain();
if (!result.valid) {
  console.error("Data integrity compromised!");
}

Provenance Certificates (Explainable Recall)

Every search result can include a Merkle proof explaining why it was selected:

const { results, certificate } = await causalRecall.recall(
  "query-id",
  "optimization strategies",
  10,
  ["performance"],
  "internal",
);
console.log(`Certificate ID: ${certificate.id}`);
console.log(`Completeness: ${certificate.completenessScore}`);

Quantization & Compression — up to 32x memory reduction with 5-tier auto-tiering

AgentDB supports multiple quantization strategies to reduce memory footprint while maintaining search quality.

Scalar Quantization

8-bit and 4-bit scalar quantization for memory-efficient storage:

import {
  createScalar8BitStore,
  createProductQuantizedStore,
} from "agentdb/browser/ProductQuantization";

// 8-bit quantization — 4x memory reduction
const store8 = createScalar8BitStore(384);
store8.add("doc-1", embedding);
const results = store8.search(query, 10);

// Product quantization — up to 32x memory reduction
const storePQ = createProductQuantizedStore(384, {
  numSubvectors: 48,
  bitsPerCode: 8,
});
storePQ.add("doc-1", embedding);
const results = storePQ.search(query, 10);

5-Tier Temporal Compression

Vectors are automatically compressed based on age and access frequency:

Tier Compression Memory Quality Trigger
Hot None 100% 100% Recent / frequently accessed
Warm Half-precision 50% ~99% Moderate age
Cool PQ-8 ~12% ~95% Older data
Cold PQ-4 ~6% ~90% Rarely accessed
Archive Binary ~3% ~80% Archival storage

Matryoshka Dimension Truncation

Reduce embedding dimensions while preserving the most important features:

// Models trained with Matryoshka loss support dimension truncation
// 384d -> 128d with minimal quality loss
const truncated = embedding.slice(0, 128);

NativeAccelerator Quantization

The NativeAccelerator provides hardware-accelerated quantization/dequantization:

const accel = new NativeAccelerator();
await accel.initialize();

// Load scalar quantization parameters
accel.loadSqParams(mins, scales);
const restored = accel.dequantI8(quantizedBytes);

// Product quantization with codebook
accel.loadPqCodebook(codebook, numSubvectors, bitsPerCode);
const distances = accel.pqDistances(query, codes);

Integration & Tools

Connect AgentDB to LLM providers, embedding models, and distributed systems with real-time sync.

Model Import/Export & Embedding Models — 5 local models, no API keys

Embedding Models

AgentDB supports multiple embedding models. No API key required — all Xenova models run locally.

Model Dimension Quality Speed Best For
all-MiniLM-L6-v2 (default) 384 Good Fastest Prototyping
bge-small-en-v1.5 384 Excellent Fast Best 384d quality
bge-base-en-v1.5 768 Excellent Moderate Production
all-mpnet-base-v2 768 Excellent Moderate All-around
e5-base-v2 768 Excellent Moderate Multilingual
# Default (384d, fast)
npx agentdb init

# Production (768d, high quality)
npx agentdb init --dimension 768 --model "Xenova/bge-base-en-v1.5"

Offline Embeddings (Bundled Model)

The default all-MiniLM-L6-v2 model can be bundled into a .rvf file and shipped with the package. This eliminates the ~23MB first-run download and enables fully offline embedding generation.

Resolution order (automatic, no config needed):

  1. AGENTDB_MODEL_PATH env var (user override)
  2. Bundled .rvf at dist/models/all-MiniLM-L6-v2.rvf
  3. Existing @xenova/transformers cache
  4. Network download (fallback)
# Build the bundled model .rvf (requires model to be downloaded first)
npm run build:model

# Or specify a custom source directory
node scripts/build-model-rvf.mjs --source /path/to/model/files
// Programmatic access
import { ModelCacheLoader } from "agentdb/model";

const cached = await ModelCacheLoader.resolve("all-MiniLM-L6-v2");
if (cached) {
  console.log(cached.localPath); // path to extracted model
  console.log(cached.fromBundle); // true if loaded from .rvf
}

Set AGENTDB_MODEL_PATH to point to a custom model directory:

export AGENTDB_MODEL_PATH=/opt/models
# expects: /opt/models/Xenova/all-MiniLM-L6-v2/onnx/model_quantized.onnx

LLM Router for Multi-Provider Integration

AgentDB can route queries through multiple LLM providers via @ruvector/ruvllm:

import { isRuvLLMInstalled } from "agentdb/wrappers";

if (await isRuvLLMInstalled()) {
  // LLM router available for enrichment and reranking
}

RVF Export/Import

Export vector stores to the portable Cognitive Container format:

# Migrate v2 database to v3 unified .rvf (vectors + relational in one file)
npx agentdb migrate --source ./v2.db --to v3 --rvf-path ./unified.rvf

# Export existing database to Cognitive Container
npx agentdb migrate --to rvf --rvf-path ./vectors.rvf

# Import from Cognitive Container into a new backend
npx agentdb migrate --from rvf --rvf-path ./vectors.rvf --target ./new.db

WASM Export

Export a WASM store to a transferable binary for sharing between browser tabs or workers:

const bytes = bridge.wasmStoreExport(handle); // Uint8Array
// Transfer to another worker or save to IndexedDB

Query Lifecycle — what happens when you call searchAsync()

The full lifecycle of a query through AgentDB's self-learning pipeline:

sequenceDiagram
  participant App
  participant Router as Semantic Router
  participant SONA
  participant HNSW as HNSW Index
  participant Trainer as Contrastive Trainer

  App->>Router: query(embedding)
  Router->>Router: classify intent
  Router->>SONA: enhance(embedding, trajectories)
  SONA->>SONA: apply micro-LoRA
  SONA->>HNSW: searchAsync(enhanced, k, ef)
  HNSW-->>App: results[]
  App->>Trainer: recordFeedback(quality)
  Trainer->>Trainer: InfoNCE + hard negatives
  Trainer->>SONA: updateLoRA(gradients)
  Note over SONA: EWC++ consolidation<br/>prevents forgetting

Phase Breakdown

  1. RoutingSemanticQueryRouter classifies query intent via HNSW-indexed embeddings and selects the optimal search strategy
  2. Enhancement — SONA engine enriches the query embedding using trajectory history and context
  3. LoRA Application — Micro-LoRA adapter adjusts the embedding in sub-millisecond time
  4. Search — HNSW index returns top-k results with adaptive ef-search
  5. Feedback — Application records result quality (0.0-1.0)
  6. Training — Contrastive trainer runs InfoNCE loss with hard negative mining
  7. Update — LoRA gradients update the adapter weights
  8. Consolidation — EWC++ prevents catastrophic forgetting of previously learned patterns

Distributed Systems

Multi-database coordination, real-time replication, and production observability.

Multi-Database Coordination — distributed sync with conflict resolution

The MultiDatabaseCoordinator enables distributed sync between multiple AgentDB instances with configurable conflict resolution.

import { MultiDatabaseCoordinator } from "agentdb/coordination/MultiDatabaseCoordinator";

const coordinator = new MultiDatabaseCoordinator({
  replicationFactor: 3,
  syncIntervalMs: 5000,
  conflictResolution: "merge", // 'last-write-wins' | 'merge' | 'manual'
  autoFailover: true,
  maxRetries: 3,
});

// Register database instances
await coordinator.registerInstance({
  id: "primary",
  url: "file:///data/primary.rvf",
  role: "primary",
});
await coordinator.registerInstance({
  id: "replica-1",
  url: "file:///data/replica-1.rvf",
  role: "replica",
});

// Sync a specific instance
const result = await coordinator.syncInstance("replica-1");
console.log(`Synced: ${result.recordsSynced}, Conflicts: ${result.conflicts}`);

// Broadcast operations to all instances
await coordinator.broadcast("insertAsync", [
  "doc-1",
  embedding,
  { source: "api" },
]);

// Monitor instance status
coordinator.onStatusChange((instanceId, status) => {
  console.log(`${instanceId}: ${status.state}`); // 'healthy' | 'degraded' | 'offline'
});

Conflict Resolution Strategies

Strategy Description Best For
last-write-wins Most recent write wins (LWW) Simple setups, eventual consistency
merge Quality-based weighted average Learning systems, federated aggregation
manual Returns conflicts for user resolution Critical data, compliance requirements

Real-Time Sync (QUIC) — bidirectional replication with 0-RTT resumption

AgentDB supports real-time bidirectional sync between instances using QUIC transport and a high-level SyncCoordinator.

QUIC Transport

QUIC provides multiplexed streams over a single connection with zero head-of-line blocking, connection migration between networks, and 0-RTT session resumption:

import { QUICServer } from "agentdb/controllers/QUICServer";

const server = new QUICServer({
  port: 4433,
  maxConnections: 100,
  rateLimit: {
    requestsPerMin: 1000,
    bytesPerMin: 10_000_000,
  },
  authToken: "secret", // optional token validation
});

// Stale connections auto-cleaned after 5 minutes idle
// Sync types: 'episodes' | 'skills' | 'edges' | 'full'
// Incremental sync via `since` parameter and cursor-based pagination

Sync Coordinator

High-level bidirectional sync with conflict resolution, progress tracking, and auto-sync:

import { SyncCoordinator } from "agentdb/controllers/SyncCoordinator";

const sync = new SyncCoordinator({
  conflictStrategy: "latest-wins", // 'local-wins' | 'remote-wins' | 'latest-wins' | 'merge'
  batchSize: 100,
  autoSyncInterval: 60000, // Auto-sync every 60 seconds
});

// Push local changes, pull remote changes, resolve conflicts
const report = await sync.sync();
console.log(report);
// {
//   success: true,
//   durationMs: 342,
//   itemsPushed: 15,
//   itemsPulled: 8,
//   conflictsResolved: 2,
//   bytesTransferred: 48200,
//   errors: [],
// }

// Progress tracking through 5 phases:
// detecting → pushing → pulling → resolving → applying

// Sync state persists across restarts
await sync.saveSyncState();
// Tracks: lastSyncAt, lastEpisodeSync, lastSkillSync, lastEdgeSync,
//         totalItemsSynced, totalBytesSynced, syncCount

Conflict Resolution

Strategy Behavior
local-wins Local version always kept
remote-wins Remote version always accepted
latest-wins Most recent timestamp wins
merge Quality-weighted merge of both versions

Observability — OpenTelemetry traces and Prometheus metrics built in

AgentDB integrates with OpenTelemetry for production monitoring.

Traces

Automatic span creation for search, insert, and sync operations:

import { initTelemetry } from "agentdb/observability";

initTelemetry({
  serviceName: "my-agent",
  exporterUrl: "http://localhost:4318", // OTLP HTTP endpoint
});

// All AgentDB operations automatically generate spans:
// - agentdb.search (with k, backend, latency attributes)
// - agentdb.insert (with batchSize, backend)
// - agentdb.sync (with itemsSynced, conflicts)

Metrics

Prometheus-compatible metrics for latency, throughput, and error rates:

  • agentdb_search_duration_ms — search latency histogram
  • agentdb_insert_duration_ms — insert latency histogram
  • agentdb_cache_hit_ratio — MCP tool cache effectiveness
  • agentdb_learning_loss — contrastive training loss
  • agentdb_vector_count — total vectors stored

Additional Capabilities

Reinforcement learning, hybrid search, LLM routing, authentication, and high-performance wrappers.

Reinforcement Learning — 9 algorithms from Q-Learning to Monte Carlo Tree Search

AgentDB includes a complete reinforcement learning system with 9 algorithms for building agents that learn optimal strategies through interaction:

Available Algorithms

Algorithm Type Best For
Q-Learning Value-based Simple discrete action spaces
SARSA Value-based On-policy learning, safer exploration
Deep Q-Network (DQN) Value-based Complex state spaces with neural function approximation
Policy Gradient Policy-based Continuous action spaces
Actor-Critic Hybrid Balances value and policy learning
PPO Policy-based Stable training with clipped objectives
Decision Transformer Sequence-based Offline RL from logged trajectories
Monte Carlo Tree Search Planning Game-like decision trees, look-ahead planning
Model-Based RL Model-based Sample-efficient learning with world models

Usage

import { LearningSystem } from "agentdb";

const learner = new LearningSystem(db, {
  algorithm: "ppo", // any of the 9 algorithms
  learningRate: 0.001,
  discountFactor: 0.99,
  explorationRate: 0.1,
});

// Start a learning session
const session = await learner.createSession({
  task: "optimize_api_responses",
  maxEpisodes: 100,
});

// Predict next action
const prediction = await learner.predict(session.id, currentState);
// { action, confidence, explorationUsed }

// Record outcome
await learner.recordReward(session.id, prediction.action, reward);

// Train on accumulated experience
await learner.train(session.id);

// Transfer learning to new tasks
await learner.transfer(sourceSessionId, targetSessionId);

MCP Tools for RL

All 9 algorithms are accessible through MCP tools:

  • agentdb_rl_create_session — start a new learning session
  • agentdb_rl_predict — get next action recommendation
  • agentdb_rl_record_reward — record outcome feedback
  • agentdb_rl_train — trigger training round
  • agentdb_rl_transfer — transfer learned policy to new task
  • agentdb_rl_explain — explain why a prediction was made

Hybrid Search — BM25 keyword + vector fusion for best-of-both-worlds retrieval

Combine traditional keyword search (BM25) with vector similarity for retrieval that handles both exact matches and semantic meaning:

import { createHybridSearch, createKeywordIndex } from "agentdb";

// Create keyword index (BM25)
const keywordIndex = createKeywordIndex({
  k1: 1.2, // term frequency saturation
  b: 0.75, // document length normalization
  avgDocLength: 100,
});

// Index documents
keywordIndex.add("doc-1", "JWT authentication with refresh token rotation");
keywordIndex.add("doc-2", "OAuth2 PKCE flow for mobile applications");

// Create hybrid search (keyword + vector)
const hybrid = createHybridSearch(keywordIndex, vectorBackend, {
  fusion: "rrf", // 'rrf' (Reciprocal Rank Fusion) | 'linear' | 'max'
  keywordWeight: 0.3, // 30% keyword, 70% vector
  vectorWeight: 0.7,
});

// Search with both keyword and semantic matching
const results = await hybrid.search({
  text: "JWT refresh token", // keyword query
  embedding: queryEmbedding, // vector query
  k: 10,
});
// Results fused from both sources — exact term matches + semantic similarity

Fusion Strategies

Strategy How it works Best For
RRF (default) 1/(k + rank) — rank-based fusion, no score calibration needed General use
Linear α × keyword_score + β × vector_score — weighted score combination When you know the right balance
Max max(keyword_score, vector_score) — takes highest signal When either source is sufficient

When to use hybrid search: When your data contains domain-specific terms (function names, error codes, product IDs) that vector embeddings might miss, but you also want semantic understanding for natural language queries.


LLM Router — auto-select from 5 providers based on cost, quality, and privacy

AgentDB can route LLM queries to the optimal provider based on your constraints:

import { LLMRouter } from "agentdb";

const router = new LLMRouter({
  providers: {
    ruvllm: { enabled: true }, // Local, SIMD-optimized, free
    openrouter: { apiKey: process.env.OPENROUTER_KEY }, // 200+ models, 99% cost savings
    gemini: { apiKey: process.env.GEMINI_KEY }, // Free tier available
    anthropic: { apiKey: process.env.ANTHROPIC_KEY }, // Claude models
    onnx: { enabled: true }, // Local models via transformers.js
  },
  strategy: "auto", // auto-selects based on constraints below
  constraints: {
    maxCostPerQuery: 0.001, // max $0.001 per query
    minQuality: 0.8, // minimum quality score
    preferLocal: true, // prefer local models when possible
    requirePrivacy: false, // if true, only uses local providers
  },
});

const response = await router.generate("Summarize this document...", {
  maxTokens: 500,
  temperature: 0.7,
});

Provider Comparison

Provider Latency Cost Privacy Models
RuvLLM Fastest Free Full (local) SIMD-optimized local models
ONNX Fast Free Full (local) transformers.js models
OpenRouter ~500ms $0.0001+ Cloud 200+ models (GPT-4, Claude, Llama, etc.)
Gemini ~300ms Free tier Cloud Gemini Pro, Flash
Anthropic ~1s $0.003+ Cloud Claude Opus, Sonnet, Haiku
// Check what's available locally
import { isRuvLLMInstalled } from "agentdb";
if (await isRuvLLMInstalled()) {
  // Local inference available — no API keys needed
}

Auth & Audit — JWT, API keys, Argon2id, and compliance-ready logging

Enterprise-ready authentication and audit logging for production deployments.

Authentication

import { AuthService } from "agentdb/services/auth";

const auth = new AuthService(db, {
  jwtSecret: process.env.JWT_SECRET,
  accessTokenTTL: "15m",
  refreshTokenTTL: "7d",
  maxLoginAttempts: 5, // account lockout after 5 failures
  lockoutDuration: "30m",
});

// User registration (Argon2id password hashing)
const user = await auth.register({ email, password, role: "user" });

// Login — returns access + refresh token pair
const { accessToken, refreshToken } = await auth.login(email, password);

// Token verification
const payload = await auth.verifyAccessToken(accessToken);

// API key management
const apiKey = await auth.generateApiKey(userId, {
  name: "prod-key",
  scopes: ["read", "write"],
});
await auth.rotateApiKey(apiKey.id); // automatic rotation

Audit Logging

import { AuditLogger } from "agentdb/services/audit-logger";

const audit = new AuditLogger({
  retention: "90d", // log retention period
  compliance: ["SOC2", "GDPR"], // compliance frameworks
  autoRotate: true, // automatic log rotation
});

// 13 audit event types tracked automatically:
// - jwt_auth, api_key_create, api_key_rotate, api_key_revoke
// - login_success, login_failure, registration
// - config_change, permission_change
// - rate_limit_exceeded, sensitive_data_access
// - data_export, data_deletion

Security Utilities

import {
  hashPassword,
  verifyPassword,
  generateApiKey,
} from "agentdb/utils/crypto";

const hash = await hashPassword("user-password"); // Argon2id
const valid = await verifyPassword("user-password", hash);
const key = generateApiKey(); // cryptographically random

Metadata Filtering — 10 MongoDB-style query operators

Filter search results and database queries using MongoDB-style operators:

import { MetadataFilter } from "agentdb";

const filter = new MetadataFilter();

// Episodes with reward > 0.8 and specific tags
const episodes = await filter.filterEpisodes(db, {
  reward: { $gt: 0.8 },
  tags: { $contains: "security" },
  status: { $in: ["success", "partial"] },
  archived: { $exists: false },
});

// Patterns matching complex criteria
const patterns = await filter.filterPatterns(db, {
  successRate: { $gte: 0.7, $lte: 1.0 },
  taskType: { $ne: "deprecated" },
  createdAt: { $gt: lastWeekTimestamp },
});

Supported Operators

Operator Description Example
$eq Equal { status: { $eq: 'active' } }
$ne Not equal { role: { $ne: 'admin' } }
$gt Greater than { reward: { $gt: 0.5 } }
$gte Greater than or equal { score: { $gte: 0.8 } }
$lt Less than { age: { $lt: 90 } }
$lte Less than or equal { priority: { $lte: 3 } }
$in In array { type: { $in: ['a', 'b'] } }
$nin Not in array { status: { $nin: ['deleted'] } }
$contains Contains substring { tags: { $contains: 'auth' } }
$exists Field exists { metadata: { $exists: true } }

AgentDBFast — 50-200x faster programmatic API (skip the CLI overhead)

The AgentDBFast wrapper provides direct programmatic access that's 50-200x faster than going through the CLI:

import { createFastAgentDB } from "agentdb/wrappers/agentdb-fast";

const db = await createFastAgentDB({
  path: "./agent-memory.db",
  dimension: 384,
  model: "Xenova/all-MiniLM-L6-v2",
});

// All operations bypass CLI parsing overhead
await db.insert("doc-1", embedding, metadata);
const results = await db.search(queryEmbedding, 10);
await db.batchInsert(documents);

// Performance wrapper includes:
// - Direct function calls (no CLI arg parsing)
// - Pre-initialized connections (no startup cost per call)
// - Batched operations
// - Connection pooling

Wrapper Performance vs CLI

Operation CLI AgentDBFast Speedup
Single insert ~20ms ~0.1ms 200x
Search (k=10) ~15ms ~0.08ms 187x
Batch insert (100) ~500ms ~10ms 50x

Attention Wrappers

Production-ready attention implementations with 11-22x speedup over naive:

import {
  MultiHeadAttention,
  FlashAttention,
  LinearAttention,
  HyperbolicAttention,
  MoEAttention,
} from "agentdb/wrappers";

// Flash Attention — O(N) memory instead of O(N^2)
const flash = new FlashAttention({ numHeads: 8 });
const result = await flash.forward(query, keys, values);

// Mixture of Experts — routes to specialized attention heads
const moe = new MoEAttention({ numExperts: 4, topK: 2 });
const result = await moe.forward(query, keys, values);

Embedding Providers

Multiple embedding backends with automatic fallback:

import {
  OpenAIEmbeddingService,
  TransformersEmbeddingService,
  MockEmbeddingService,
} from "agentdb/wrappers";

// OpenAI (cloud)
const openai = new OpenAIEmbeddingService({ apiKey: process.env.OPENAI_KEY });

// Transformers.js (local, free)
const local = new TransformersEmbeddingService({
  model: "Xenova/all-MiniLM-L6-v2",
});

// Mock (testing)
const mock = new MockEmbeddingService({ dimension: 384 });

Benchmark Suite — 5 built-in benchmarks with custom benchmark support

Run performance benchmarks to validate your deployment:

import { BenchmarkSuite, runBenchmarks, formatReportAsMarkdown } from "agentdb";

// Run all built-in benchmarks
const report = await runBenchmarks({
  dimension: 384,
  iterations: 100,
  warmup: 10,
});

console.log(formatReportAsMarkdown(report));

Built-in Benchmarks

Benchmark Measures Key Metrics
VectorInsertBenchmark Insert throughput ops/sec, p50/p99 latency
VectorSearchBenchmark Search performance ops/sec, recall@k, latency distribution
MemoryUsageBenchmark RAM consumption bytes per vector, total footprint
ConcurrencyBenchmark Parallel performance throughput under load, contention
QuantizationBenchmark Compression tradeoffs quality loss vs memory savings

Custom Benchmarks

import { Benchmark, BenchmarkSuite } from "agentdb";

class MyBenchmark extends Benchmark {
  name = "my-custom-benchmark";

  async setup() {
    /* prepare data */
  }
  async run() {
    /* measure this */
  }
  async teardown() {
    /* cleanup */
  }
}

const suite = new BenchmarkSuite();
suite.add(new MyBenchmark());
const report = await suite.run({ iterations: 50 });

// Compare reports across runs
import { formatComparisonAsMarkdown } from "agentdb";
console.log(formatComparisonAsMarkdown(reportBefore, reportAfter));

CLI Benchmarks

npm run benchmark                    # Quick benchmark
npm run benchmark:full               # Full suite
npm run benchmark:attention          # Attention mechanism performance
npm run benchmark:backends           # Compare all backends
npm run benchmark:ruvector           # RuVector-specific benchmarks
npm run benchmark:all                # Everything

Testing

Test Suite — unit, integration, performance, security, and browser tests

AgentDB ships with a comprehensive test suite covering every layer of the stack. All tests run via Vitest with parallel execution.

Quick Commands

npm test                         # Run all tests (watch mode)
npm run test:unit                # Unit tests only (single run)
npm run test:browser             # Browser bundle + WASM tests
npm run test:ci                  # CI pipeline: browser tests + build + bundle verification

What's Tested

Suite Coverage What it validates
Unit tests Core controllers, memory patterns, embedding service, quantization All 6 cognitive memory patterns, 9 RL algorithms, filter expressions, security validators
Browser tests WASM store, attention mechanisms, product quantization, SIMD fallbacks Full vector DB in browser, Flash/Hyperbolic/MoE attention, PQ8/PQ16/PQ32 compression
Integration tests End-to-end flows, backend auto-selection, MCP tool execution Self-learning pipeline, Cognitive Container operations, federated aggregation
Performance tests Latency benchmarks, throughput, scaling behavior 61us search target, 32.6M ops/sec pattern search, batch insert speedup
Security tests Input validation, injection prevention, witness chain verification XSS patterns, SQL injection, path traversal, Cypher sanitization, SHAKE-256

Benchmarks

npm run benchmark                # Quick benchmark (insert + search)
npm run benchmark:full           # Full suite with all backends
npm run benchmark:attention      # Attention mechanism performance
npm run benchmark:backends       # Compare RuVector vs RVF vs HNSWLib vs sql.js
npm run benchmark:ruvector       # RuVector-specific benchmarks
npm run benchmark:all            # Run everything

CI Pipeline

The CI pipeline runs test:ci which executes:

  1. Browser bundle tests — verifies WASM and JS fallbacks work
  2. TypeScript build — full tsc compilation
  3. Bundle verification — ensures all export paths resolve correctly

Writing Custom Tests

import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest";
import { createDatabase, ReasoningBank, EmbeddingService } from "agentdb";

describe("My Agent Memory", () => {
  it("stores and retrieves patterns", async () => {
    const db = await createDatabase(":memory:");
    const embedder = new EmbeddingService({ model: "Xenova/all-MiniLM-L6-v2" });
    await embedder.initialize();

    const bank = new ReasoningBank(db, embedder);
    await bank.storePattern({
      taskType: "test",
      approach: "TDD",
      successRate: 0.95,
    });

    const results = await bank.searchPatterns({ task: "testing", k: 5 });
    expect(results.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
  });
});

Documentation

Document Description
MCP Tool Optimization Guide Comprehensive MCP patterns
Embedding Models Guide Model selection and benchmarks
Simulation System 31 scenarios, interactive wizard
Security Hardening Input validation and security patterns
Chat Ecosystem @agentdb/chat integration guide
ADR-010: Solver Integration SolverBandit + rvf-solver deep integration

Contributing

See CONTRIBUTING.md for guidelines. Areas of interest: additional RL algorithms, performance optimizations, new backend integrations, documentation improvements.


License

MIT OR Apache-2.0 — See LICENSE-MIT and LICENSE-APACHE.


The only vector database that learns. Start in 30 seconds:

npm install agentdb

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