Command-Option-Argument

COA is a yet another parser for command line options. You can choose one of the existing modules, or write your own like me.

Examples

require('coa').Cmd() // main (top level) command declaration
    .name(process.argv[1]) // set top level command name from program name
    .title('My awesome command line util') // title for use in text messages
    .helpful() // make command "helpful", i.e. options -h --help with usage message
    .opt() // add some option
        .name('version') // name for use in API
        .title('Version') // title for use in text messages
        .short('v') // short key: -v
        .long('version') // long key: --version
        .type(Boolean) // type Boolean for options without value
        .act(function(opts) { // add action for option
            this.exit( // exit program with code 0 and text message
                JSON.parse(require('fs').readFileSync(__dirname + '/package.json'))
                    .version);
        })
        .end() // end option chain and return to main command
    .cmd().name('subcommand').apply(require('./subcommand').COA).end() // load subcommand from module
    .cmd() // inplace subcommand declaration
        .name('othercommand').title('Awesome other subcommand').helpful()
        .opt()
            .name('input').title('input file, required')
            .short('i').long('input')
            .val(function(v) { // validator function, also for translate simple values
                return require('fs').createReadStream(v) })
            .req() // make option required
            .end() // end option chain and return to command
        .end() // end subcommand chain and return to parent command
    .parse(process.argv.slice(2)); // parse and run on process.argv

// subcommand.js
exports.COA = function() {
    this
        .title('Awesome subcommand').helpful()
        .opt()
            .name('output').title('output file')
            .short('o').long('output')
            .output() // use default preset for "output" option declaration
            .end()
};

API

Cmd

Command is a top level entity. Commands may have options and arguments.

Cmd.name

Set a canonical command identifier to be used anywhere in the API.
@param String _name command name
@returns COA.Cmd this instance (for chainability)

Cmd.title

Set a long description for command to be used anywhere in text messages.
@param String _title command title
@returns COA.Cmd this instance (for chainability)

Cmd.cmd

Create new subcommand for current command.
@returns COA.Cmd new subcommand instance

Cmd.opt

Create option for current command.
@returns COA.Opt new option instance

Cmd.arg

Create argument for current command.
@returns COA.Opt new argument instance

Cmd.act

Add (or set) action for current command.
@param Function act action function, invoked in the context of command instance and has the parameters:
- Object opts parsed options
- Array args parsed arguments
@param {Boolean} [force=false] flag for set action instead add to existings
@returns COA.Cmd this instance (for chainability)

Cmd.apply

Apply function with arguments in context of command instance.
@param Function fn
@param Array args
@returns COA.Cmd this instance (for chainability)

Cmd.helpful

Make command "helpful", i.e. add -h --help flags for print usage.
@returns COA.Cmd this instance (for chainability)

Cmd.errorExit

Terminate program with error code 1. @param String msg message for print to STDERR
@param {Object} [o] optional object for print with message

Cmd.exit

Terminate program with error code 0.
@param String msg message for print to STDERR

Cmd.usage

Build full usage text for current command instance.
@returns String usage text

Cmd.parse

Parse arguments from simple format like NodeJS process.argv.
@param Array argv
@returns COA.Cmd this instance (for chainability)

Cmd.end

Finish chain for current subcommand and return parent command instance.
@returns COA.Cmd parent command

Opt

Option is a named entity. Options may have short and long keys for use from command line.
@namespace
@class Presents option

Opt.name

Set a canonical option identifier to be used anywhere in the API.
@param String _name option name
@returns COA.Opt this instance (for chainability)

Opt.title

Set a long description for option to be used anywhere in text messages.
@param String _title option title
@returns COA.Opt this instance (for chainability)

Opt.short

Set a short key for option to be used with one hyphen from command line.
@param String _short
@returns COA.Opt this instance (for chainability)

Opt.long

Set a short key for option to be used with double hyphens from command line.
@param String _long
@returns COA.Opt this instance (for chainability)

Opt.flag

Make an option boolean, i.e. option without value.
@returns COA.Opt this instance (for chainability)

Opt.arr

Makes an option accepts multiple values.
Otherwise, the value will be used by the latter passed.
@returns COA.Opt this instance (for chainability)

Opt.req

Makes an option req.
@returns COA.Opt this instance (for chainability)

Opt.val

Set a validation (or value) function for argument.
Value from command line passes through before becoming available from API.
Using for validation and convertion simple types to any values.
@param Function _val validating function, invoked in the context of option instance and has one parameter with value from command line
@returns COA.Opt this instance (for chainability)

Opt.def

Set a default value for option. Default value passed through validation function as ordinary value.
@param Object _def
@returns COA.Opt this instance (for chainability)

Opt.output

Make option value outputing stream.
It's add useful validation and shortcut for STDOUT.
@returns COA.Opt this instance (for chainability)

Opt.act

Add action for current option command. This action is performed if the current option is present in parsed options (with any value).
@param Function act action function, invoked in the context of command instance and has the parameters:
- Object opts parsed options
- Array args parsed arguments
@returns COA.Opt this instance (for chainability)

Opt.end

Finish chain for current option and return parent command instance.
@returns COA.Cmd parent command

Arg

Argument is a unnamed entity.
From command line arguments passed as list of unnamed values.

Arg.name

Set a canonical argument identifier to be used anywhere in text messages.
@param String _name argument name
@returns COA.Arg this instance (for chainability)

Arg.title

Set a long description for argument to be used anywhere in text messages.
@param String _title argument title
@returns COA.Arg this instance (for chainability)

Arg.arr

Makes an argument accepts multiple values.
Otherwise, the value will be used by the latter passed.
@returns COA.Arg this instance (for chainability)

Arg.req

Makes an argument req.
@returns COA.Arg this instance (for chainability)

Arg.val

Set a validation (or value) function for argument.
Value from command line passes through before becoming available from API.
Using for validation and convertion simple types to any values.
@param Function _val validating function, invoked in the context of argument instance and has one parameter with value from command line
@returns COA.Arg this instance (for chainability)

Arg.def

Set a default value for argument. Default value passed through validation function as ordinary value.
@param Object _def
@returns COA.Arg this instance (for chainability)

Arg.output

Make argument value outputing stream.
It's add useful validation and shortcut for STDOUT.
@returns COA.Arg this instance (for chainability)

Arg.end

Finish chain for current option and return parent command instance.
@returns COA.Cmd parent command

TODO

• Program API for use COA-covered programs as modules
• Shell completion
• Localization
• Shell-mode
• Configs
  • Aliases
  • Defaults