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Readme

squawk

linter for Postgres migrations

quick start | rules documentation | github action | diy github integration

Why?

Prevent unexpected downtime caused by database migrations and encourage best practices around Postgres schemas and SQL.

Also it seemed like a nice project to spend more time with Rust.

Install

Note: due to squawk's dependency on libpg_query, squawk only supports Linux and macOS

npm install -g squawk-cli

# or install binaries directly via the releases page
https://github.com/sbdchd/squawk/releases

Usage

❯ squawk example.sql
example.sql:2:1: warning: prefer-text-field

   2 | --
   3 | -- Create model Bar
   4 | --
   5 | CREATE TABLE "core_bar" (
   6 |     "id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
   7 |     "alpha" varchar(100) NOT NULL
   8 | );

  note: Changing the size of a varchar field requires an ACCESS EXCLUSIVE lock.
  help: Use a text field with a check constraint.

example.sql:9:2: warning: require-concurrent-index-creation

   9 |
  10 | CREATE INDEX "field_name_idx" ON "table_name" ("field_name");

  note: Creating an index blocks writes.
  note: Create the index CONCURRENTLY.

example.sql:11:2: warning: disallowed-unique-constraint

  11 |
  12 | ALTER TABLE table_name ADD CONSTRAINT field_name_constraint UNIQUE (field_name);

  note: Adding a UNIQUE constraint requires an ACCESS EXCLUSIVE lock which blocks reads.
  help: Create an index CONCURRENTLY and create the constraint using the index.

`squawk --help`

squawk
Find problems in your SQL

USAGE:
    squawk [FLAGS] [OPTIONS] [path]... [SUBCOMMAND]

FLAGS:
        --assume-in-transaction
            Assume that a transaction will wrap each SQL file when run by a migration tool

            Use --no-assume-in-transaction to override this setting in any config file that exists
    -h, --help
            Prints help information

        --list-rules
            List all available rules

    -V, --version
            Prints version information

        --verbose
            Enable debug logging output


OPTIONS:
    -c, --config <config-path>
            Path to the squawk config file (.squawk.toml)

        --dump-ast <ast-format>
            Output AST in JSON [possible values: Raw, Parsed, Debug]

    -e, --exclude <rule>...
            Exclude specific warnings

            For example: --exclude=require-concurrent-index-creation,ban-drop-database
        --explain <rule>
            Provide documentation on the given rule

        --pg-version <pg-version>
            Specify postgres version

            For example: --pg-version=13.0
        --reporter <reporter>
            Style of error reporting [possible values: Tty, Gcc, Json]

        --stdin-filepath <filepath>
            Path to use in reporting for stdin


ARGS:
    <path>...
            Paths to search


SUBCOMMANDS:
    help                Prints this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)
    upload-to-github    Comment on a PR with Squawk's results

Rules

Individual rules can be disabled via the --exclude flag

squawk --exclude=adding-field-with-default,disallowed-unique-constraint example.sql

Configuration file

Rules can also be disabled with a configuration file.

By default, Squawk will traverse up from the current directory to find a .squawk.toml configuration file. You may specify a custom path with the -c or --config flag.

squawk --config=~/.squawk.toml example.sql

The --exclude flag will always be prioritized over the configuration file.

Example .squawk.toml

excluded_rules = [
    "require-concurrent-index-creation",
    "require-concurrent-index-deletion",
]

See the Squawk website for documentation on each rule with examples and reasoning.

Bot Setup

Squawk works as a CLI tool but can also create comments on GitHub Pull Requests using the upload-to-github subcommand.

Here's an example comment created by squawk using the example.sql in the repo:

https://github.com/sbdchd/squawk/pull/14#issuecomment-647009446

See the "GitHub Integration" docs for more information.

`pre-commit` hook

Integrate Squawk into Git workflow with pre-commit. Add the following to your project's .pre-commit-config.yaml:

repos:
  - repo: https://github.com/sbdchd/squawk
    rev: v0.10.0
    hooks:
     - id: squawk
       files: path/to/postres/migrations/written/in/sql

Note the files parameter as it specifies the location of the files to be linted.

prior art

https://github.com/erik/squabble

dev

cargo install
cargo run
./s/test
./s/lint
./s/fmt

... or with nix:

$ nix develop
[nix-shell]$ cargo run
[nix-shell]$ cargo insta review
[nix-shell]$ ./s/test
[nix-shell]$ ./s/lint
[nix-shell]$ ./s/fmt

releasing a new version

update the CHANGELOG.md and bump version in the cli Cargo.toml, ensure the lock file is updated, and update package.json and commit the changes
```
# update version in Cargo.toml files and package.json to 4.5.3
s/update-version 4.5.3
```
create a new release on github - CI will attach the binaries automatically
wait for build artifacts to be attached to release.
login to npm and publish new version.
```
npm login
npm publish
```

algolia

The squawkhq.com Algolia index can be found on the crawler website. Algolia reindexes the site every day at 5:30 (UTC).

how it works

squawk wraps calls to libpg_query-sys in a safe interface and parses the JSON into easier to work with structures. libpg_query-sys in turn uses bindgen to bind to libpg_query, which itself wraps Postgres' SQL parser in a bit of C code that outputs the parsed AST into a JSON string.

Squawk then runs the rule functions over the parsed AST, gathers and pretty prints the rule violations.

squawk-cli